ALL INFORMATION ABOUT THE ANCIENT CHINESE

                THE ANCIENT CHINESE

ANCIENT CHINESE WERE THE ONE OF THE MOST SUCCESFUL AND DEVELOPED CIVILIZATIONS OF THAT TIME AND THEY HAVE ALOT OF CONTRIBUTIONS FOR THE DEVELPMENT OF THE PRESENT DAY.

SETTLEMENT AND EMERGENCE:

THE ANCIENT CHINESE CIVILIZATION STARTED WHEN PEOPLE STARTED TO SETTLE IN THE VALLEYS OF THE YELLOW (HUANG HE) RIVER IN THE NORTH WEST.THE CHINESE THOUGHT THAT CHINA WAS AT THE CENTRE OF THE UNIV ERSE.THE CHINESE STARTED TO CULTIVATE THE FERTILE LAND WITH STONE AND WOODEN TOOLS.THEY GREW RICE AND MILLET AND RAISED CATTLE FOR A LIVING.THE CHINESE DEVELOPED THEIR OWN AND  UNIQUE CULTURE AS THEY HAD A VERY LOW CONTACT WITH THE OUTSIDE WORLD.THE CHINESE WERE CUT OF FROM REST OF THE WORLD BY DESERTS,OCEANS AND MOUNTAINS.

THE TIME PERIOD OF THE  ANCIENT CHINA IS DIVIDED INTO 5 DYNASTIES WHICH RULED THE ANCIENT CHINA .

XIA DYNASTY:

THE XIA DYNASTY WAS THE 1ST DYNASTY IN TRADITIONAL CHINESE HISTORY.ACCORDING TO A TRADITION,YU WHO WAS LATER KNOWN AS YU THE GREAT WAS APPOINTED BY THE EMPEROR OF THAT TIME TO DEVISE  A PLAN TO CONTROL THE FLOODING OF THE YELLOW RIVER.YU BUILT CANALS TO LEAD THE WATER FROM LAND TO SEA AND IT TOOK HIM 14 YEARS TO COMPLETE THIS PLAN.THE EMPEROR BECAME VERY HAPPY OF HIS ACHIEVEMENT  AND APPOINTED HIM THE COMMANDER OF HIS ARMY.THEN YU DEFEATED A HOSTILE TRIBE.AND THEN THE EMPEROR REWARDED HIM HEIR TO HIS THRONE.THEN HE LAID THE FOUNDATIONS TO THE XIA DYNASTY AND RULED IT FOR 45 YEARS.THE XIA DYNASTY WAS DEFEATED BY ZU LI WHO LED A REBELION AGAINST THE CRUEL RULE OF XIA EMPERORS JIE'S WIFE 

ZU LI THEN LAID THE FOUNDATION TO THE SHIA  DYNASTY.

SHANG DYNASTY:

DURING THE SHANG DYNASTY,A SOCIAL SYSTEM WAS ESTABLISHED OF THE KING,GOVERNERS AND MASSES.THEIR PRIMARY OCCUPATION WAS AGRICULTURE AND THEY WERE THE ONES WHO ESTABLISHED A 360 DAY CALENDER WITH 12 MOTHS EACH WITH 30 DAYS.THEY ALSO KNEW ABOUT THE LUNAR AND SOLAR CALENDAR WHICH THEY LATELY COMBINED TO MAKE A COMPLEX INTERCALARY CALANDER.THE SHANGS ALSO HAD MASTERY IN MAKING CEREMONIAL POTS AND VASSES WITH BRONZE METAL.THEY ALSO KNEW THE ART OF MAKING DOMESTIC ARTICLES SUCH AS COOKING UTENSILS OUT OF BRONZE.THE SHANGS WERE SKILLFUL ARCHERS AND HORSE RIDERS BUT NO LITERATURE WAS DEVELOPED IN THIS TIME PERIOD BUT INSCRIPTIONS SUCH AS FAMILY NAMES WERE FOUND ON BONES AND SHELLS OF TORTOISES.

ZHOU DYNASTY:

THE ZHOU CLAN WAS LOYAL TO THE SHANGS BUT THEY OVERTHREW THEM BECUZ THEY BELIEVED THAT THE SHANGS DID NOT OBEY THE GODS.THE ZHOU GAINED CONTROL BY OFFERING LAND TO THEIR CLOSE RELATIVES DUE TO WHICH THEY BECAME FAITHFUL AND OFFERED THE ZHOU RULERS ALL TYPES OF SUPPORTS.THE ZHOU DYNASTY WAS THE LONGEST LASTING DYNASTY WHICH LASTED OVER 790 YEARS.THE ZHOU DYNASTY HAS A LOT OF CONTRIBUTIONS FOR THE PRESENT DAYS AS THEY INVENTED MANY WAYS THAT MADE LIFE EASIER. LIKE IN THEIR PERIOD COINS STARTED TO  BE USED AS A CURRENCY AND THE ART OF MAKING BRONZE WARE ADVANCED.THE RIDING ON HORSE BACKS BECAME ADVANCED  AND ALL TYPES OF KITES AND COMPASSES WERE INVENTED IN THEIR TIME PERIOD.THE DECLINE OF THE ZHOU DYNASTY WAS CAUSED BY THE BARBARIAN ATTACKS FROM CENTRAL ASIA AND THE STATES THAT DECLATRED THEIR OWN INDEPENDENCE.THE POWER LOSS OCCURED IN THE LAST 200 YEARS WHERE THE COURT HAD VERY LESS CONTROL OVER THEIR CONTITUENT STATES.

QIN  DYNASTY:

THE QIN DYNASTY WAS THE 4TH CHINESE DYNASTY THAT LASTED FOR ONLY 15 YEARS BUT THE ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM AND THE BOUNDARIES IT CREATED WERE IMPLEMENTED BY THE EMPIRE FOR THE NEXT 2 MILLENIUMS.THE QIN SOUGHT TO CREATE A STATE UNIFIED WITH A STRUCTURED AND CENTRALIZED POLITICAL POWER AS WELL AS A LARGE MILITARY SUPPORTED BY A STABLE ECONOMY.THE OVER WHELMING MAJORITY OF THE POPULATIONS AND LABOUR FORCE ALLOWED THE EMPERORS TO PLAN AN AMBITIOUS PROJECT LIKE THE GREAT WALL OF CHINA THAT INVOLVED 3 HUNDRED THOUSAND PEASENTS.THE EARLY DECLINE OF THE QIN DYNASTY WAS CAUSED AFTER THE DEATH OF QIN SHI HUANG  AS MOST OF THE EMPIRE'S REVOLT AGAINST THE LAST QIN EMPEROR CAUSED THE DECLINE OF THE QIN DYNASTY.THE TOMB OF QIN SHI HUANG IS ONE OF THE SEVEN WONDERS OF THE WORLD.

HAN DYNASTY:

IN 206BCE LIU BANG ESTABLISHED THE HAN DYNASTY AND RULED CHINA FOR THE NEXT 400 YEARS.THE HAN DYNASTY WAS A VERY SIGNIFICANT DYNASTY THAT GAVE EDUCATION TOP PRIORITIES AND BUILT MANY HIGH CLASS EDUCTION SYSTEMS.THE HANS ALSO MADE SILK ROADS FOR TRADE AND COMMERCE AND ALSO  A GREAT EMPHASIS WAS LAID ON PROMOTING CULTURE LIKE MUSIC AND PAINTING.

RELIGION AND PHILOSOPHY IN CHINA:

THE CITIZENS OF ANCIENT CHINA THOUGHT THAT THE EMPERORS HAD THE AUTHORITY FROM THE HEAVENS.THE NOBLES AND THE EMPERORS WORSHIPPED THEIR ANCESTORS.THE ANCIENT CHINESE BELIEVED IN THE LIFE AFTER DEATH AND ASKED THEIR EMPERORS THAT HOW THEY COULD PREPARE THEMSELVES FOR IT.THE RULERS OF THE ANCIENT CHINA WERE ALSO BURIED WITH THEIR WORLDLY POSSESSIONS LIKE ANCIENT EGYPTIONS.THE CHINESE SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT WERE CATEGORIZED AS CONFUCIANISM,TAOISM AND BUDDISM.

CONFUCIANISM:

CONFUCIUS WAS A VERY FAMOUS CHINESE PHILOSOPHER.HE MOSTLY WROTE ABOUT ABOUT INDUVISUAL MORALITY AND ETHICS AND THE PROPERE USE OF POLITICAL POWER BY THE RULERS.CONFUCIANISM IS OFTEN CHARACTERIZED AS A SYSTEM OF SOCIAL AND ETHICAL PHILOSOPHY RATHER THAN A RELIGION.HIS WRITINGS WERE MEANT TO GIVE MORAL ADVICE TO THE EMPERORS.CONFUCIUS OUTLINED A CODE OF PROPER BEHAVIOUR OF ARGUING THAT IF FAMILIES WERE VERY STRONG AND UNITED,THE COUNTRY WOULD ALSO BE STRONG AND UNITED.

A PICTURE OF CHINESE PHILOSOPHER CONFUCIS

TAOISM:

TAOISM FLOURISHED AROUND 500BCE.MOSTLY THROUGH THE WRITINGS OF LAO TSE.IN CHINA IT IS CONSIDERED AS  A PHILOSOPHY  AND RELIGION BOTH.TAOISM REFERS THAT PEOPLE SHOULD LIVE BY THE RULES OF NATUREE AND NOT BY TOO MANY REGULATIONS IMPOSED BY RULERS AND PEOPLE.THE RELIGIOUS SYMBOL OF TAOISM IS THE YIN YANG SIGN.THIS SIGN CONSISTS OF  A CURVED LINE SEPERATING A CIRCLE WITH BLACK COLOUR WITH A WHITE DOT IN ITS CENTRE AND THE OTHER SIDE WITH A BLACK DOT AND WHITE COLOUR.THIS SIGN EXPLAINS THAT GOOD AND BAD EVENTS ARE PART OF LIFE AND  ALSO EXPLAINS THAT ALL BAD THINGS ARE NOT BAD AND ALL GOOD THINGS ARE NOT GOOD

THE YING YANG SIGN

THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE ANCIENT CHINESE:

*THEY INVENTED GUNPOWDER

*THEY INVENTED PAPAR
*THEY INVENTED GEOGRAPHICAL MAPS AND COMPASSES

*THEY WERE ONE OF THE 1ST CIVILIZATIONS TO DEVELOP A WRITING SCRIPT

*THEY WERE THE 1ST TO PRODUCE SILK AND WEAVE CLOTH

*THEY INVENTED THE 12 MONTH CALENDAR

*THEY WERE THE 1ST TO DEVELOP KNOWLEDGE OF THE MEDICINES

*THEY DEVISED COUNTING AND MATHEMATICAL SKILLS THROUGH THE ABACUS
*THEY INVENTED THE USE OF MAGNETS
*THEY INTRODUCED MINING THROUGH BRONZE AND IRON TOOLS

CONCLUSION:

THE CONSLUSION SAYS THAT ANCINET CHINESE WERE A GRAET AND SELF MADE CIVILIZATION THAT HAD THEIR OWN CULTURE AND PHILOSOPHY.THESE CHINESE WERE A GREAT CIVILIZATION OF THAT TIME AND ALSO CUZ OF THEM OUR PRESENT DAY LIFE IS MUCH EASIER.THESE CHINESE WERE RULED BY 5 DIFFERENT DYNASTIES 

THE XIA DYNASTY

SHANG DYNMASTY

QIN DYNASTY

ZHOU DYNASTY 

HAND DYNASTY

ALL THESE DYNASTIES PLAYED THEIR OWN AND UNIQUE ROLE IN THE DEVELOPEMENET OF THE ANCIENT CHINA.EACH DYNASTY MADE THE ANCIENT CHINA MORE ADVANCE AND ADVANCE.TRHE CHINESE PHILOSOPHY WAS CONFUCIANISM AND TAOISM.THESE CHINESE HAVE ALOT OF CONTRIBUTIONS FOR THE PRESENT DAY LIKE THE INVENSION OF PAPAER GUNPOWDER AND COMPASS.

SO NOW TELL US ABOUT YOUR KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THESE GREAT CHINESE AND COMPLIMENT IN THE COMMENT SECTION!!!